Background: Chronic musculoskeletal (MS) pain is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD)\r\nundergoing haemodialysis. However, epidemiological data for chronic MS pain and factors associated with chronic\r\nMS pain in patients with early- or late-stage CKD who are not undergoing dialysis are limited.\r\nMethod: A cross-sectional study to evaluate the prevalence of chronic MS pain and factors associated with chronic\r\nMS pain in patients with early- and late-stage CKD who were not undergoing dialysis, was conducted. In addition,\r\nthe distribution of pain severity among patients with different stages of CKD was evaluated.\r\nResults: Of the 456 CKD patients studied, 53.3% (n = 243/456) had chronic MS pain. Chronic MS pain was\r\nindependently and significantly associated with hyperuricemia as co-morbidity, as well as with the calcium Ã?â??\r\nphosphate product levels. In CKD patients with hyperuricemia, chronic MS pain showed a negative, independent\r\nsignificant association with diabetes mellitus as a co-morbidity (odds ratio: 0.413, p = 0.020). However, in the CKD\r\npatients without hyperuricemia as a co-morbidity, chronic MS pain showed an independent significant association\r\nwith the calcium Ã?â?? phosphate product levels (odds ratio: 1.093, p = 0.027). Furthermore, stage-5 CKD patients\r\nseemed to experience more severe chronic MS pain than patients with other stages of CKD.\r\nConclusion: Chronic MS pain is common in CKD patients. Chronic MS pain was independently and significantly\r\nassociated with hyperuricemia as co-morbidity, and with the calcium Ã?â?? phosphate product levels in early- and\r\nlate-stage CKD patients who were not on dialysis.
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